Do black and white count as colors when you bring your design to a printer?
Well it is definitely not a stupid question in this business and here is why:
Depending on the color of the shirt and type of art work, it may or may not count. For example, if you are printing on a white shirt, the color white is usually the shirt color, so no white ink would be necessary. If printing on a dark shirt, you would obviously need a white ink so it would count as an additional color.
On black shirts it is sometimes necessary to overprint a black ink depending on the complexity of the print, so the underlying shirt color would not be a factor. Dark shirts usually require an underbase which is white and adds yet another "color" or screen to the process as well.