On light shirts, no pretreatment is necessary, on dark shirts it is for the white ink to adhere to.
There is a light shirt pretreatment that works good for better washing results, and helps with fading, but is not needed to print.
On dark color shirts it is absolutely necessary to put down pretreatment first.
With both light and dark color shirts, it is then required that you cure the ink with a heat press, once it has been printed.
Hopefully that makes it more clear.
